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Ultimate Frisbee

Ultimate is an exciting, non-contact team sport, played by thousands the world over. It mixes the best features of sports such as Soccer, Basketball, Football and into an elegantly simple yet fascinating and demanding game. Ultimate players require an unmatched degree of speed,stamina and agility.It's easy and fun for newcomers to play Frisbee .

Oh, and by the way, it's played with a flying disc(a "Frisbee" to the man in the street).

A line drawn across the pitch at either end creates two "endzones" (like in American Football). These are the goal-scoring areas. A goal is scored when a team completes a pass to a player standing (or more likely running) in the endzone they are attacking.

Players cannot run with the disc. When you get the disc you must come to a stop and try to throw it to another player (a bit like netball). By passing from player to player, the offence attempts to work the disc up the pitch towards the endzone they are attacking. If the disc hits the ground or is intercepted or knocked down by the other team, then the opposition takes possession (a change of possession is called a "turnover",.

Possession also changes if a receiver is outside the playing area when he or she catches it.
The defending team attempts to stop the team with the disc from making progress upfield by marking them (as in soccer or basketball). The theory is that the offence won't want to pass to a player who is being marked closely, as it's likely to result in an interception. So it boils down to the offence players trying to get free of their markers to receive a pass, while the defence makes every effort to stay with them in the hope of forcing a turnover.

Fouls and "Spirit of the Game"
Ultimate is essentially non-contact; any contact between players can be declared a foul. There's a variety of other minor violations, but that's the big one.
Ultimate is unique in that it is refereed by the players themselves, even at World Championship level, according to a code of conduct known as "the Spirit of the Game". This places the responsibility for fair play on the players themselves. In that respect, playing Ultimate is a completely different experience to playing other sports. And believe it or not, Ultimate's system of self-refereeing works. Beautifully.






Click this link : http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aAyEti-_lR8

The Field -- A rectangular shape with endzones at each end. A regulation field is 64m by 37m, with endzones 18m deep. Initiate Play -- Each point begins with both teams lining up on the front of their respective endzone line. The defense throws ("pulls") the disc to the offense. A regulation game has seven players per team. Scoring -- Each time the offense completes a pass in the defense's endzone, the offense scores a point. Play is initiated after each score. Movement of the Disc -- The disc may be advanced in any direction by completing a pass to a teammate. Players may not run with the disc. The person with the disc ("thrower") has ten seconds to throw the disc. The defender guarding the thrower ("marker") counts out the stall count. Change of possession -- When a pass in not completed (e.g. out of bounds, drop, block, interception), the defense immediately takes possession of the disc and becomes the offense. Substitutions -- Players not in the game may replace players in the game after a score and during an injury timeout. Non-contact -- No physical contact is allowed between players. Picks and screens are also prohibited. A foul occurs when contact is made. Fouls -- When a player initiates contact on another player a foul occurs. When a foul disrupts possession, the play resumes as if the possession was retained. If the player committing the foul disagrees with the foul call, the play is redone. Self-Refereeing -- Players are responsible for their own foul and line calls. Players resolve their own disputes. Spirit of the Game -- Ultimate stresses sportsmanship and fair play. Competitive play is encouraged, but never at the expense of respect between players, adherence to the rules, and the basic joy of play.

Activity

Activity Page


Flying on Paper!


Discover the best conditions for Frisbee distance flying!
Main Activity

By graphing the results of various tosses you will be able to calculate the average distance you can make a Frisbee fly and discover the best conditions for distance flying.
Materials:

* Frisbee
* Tape measure
* Paper
* Pencil

1. Divide your class into equal teams. Take turns throwing the Frisbee.
2. Measure the distance from where you began to toss the Frisbee to where it hits the ground. Record your distances in a log.
3. After everyone has recorded the distances of a few tries, calculate the average distance of your team's throws.
4. Compare your average to the other teams. Record the averages in your log and create a graph to represent your data.
Questions


What caused the Frisbee to fly the farthest? The shortest?
2. What could be done to improve the flight of the Frisbee? Experiment with your ideas to see if you can make it fly farther.
3. What would the best weather conditions be for distance flying? How might strong winds affect the distance a Frisbee could fly? Why?

Learn more about the three axes of motion. Stand with your arms extended straight out from your sides like the wings of a plane. Bend over at the waist and then bend backwards to imitate pitch. Lean your body from side to side to simulate a roll. Now rotate or twist your body at the waist to do a yaw. What other moves can you imitate? Which ones are the hardest to do?

Find out about the similarities and differences between a Frisbee and an airplane. What makes heavier than air devices like helicopters, jets, single engine planes and rockets lift? Build a paper airplane and fly it. What physical forces affect its flight?

What would it be like if you were a Frisbee? Would you like to live on a Frisbee or travel around the world on one? Write a story about the kinds of experiences you might have. What would you do if there was a strong storm coming? How would you navigate?

Invite a couple friends to help you calculate the velocity and acceleration of a Frisbee toss. Take turns acting as the time keeper, data recorder and tosser. Use a stop watch to time how long the Frisbee is in the air and a tape measure to determine the distance it travels. Record the data from each toss. Try calculating different kinds of throws like ones into the wind, with the wind and across the wind. Which direction works best? Does a fast flying Frisbee travel farther than a slower one?

Take a Quiz

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The Physics of Frisbee

FRISBEE PHYSICS How does physics play a role in Frisbee flying?

------------------------------------------------------------------------* How does a Frisbee fly?
* Why is a Frisbee shaped the way it is?
* What would it be like to compete in a world championship Frisbee competition?
* How fast and how far can a Frisbee go?
------------------------------------------------------------------------

Discussion


In the late 1940s Fred Morrison performed some experiments with flying discs. Some of the discs he experimented with were made out of metal while others were formed out of a new material called plastic. In 1955 the Wham-O Company purchased the rights and molds from Morrison. It wasn't until the early 1960s when Frisbees became the rage. Whamo-O's former General Manager Ed Headrick provided the organization and groundwork for the growth of the Frisbee craze. Today organized competitions take place each year around the world culminating in the World Frisbee Competition in California.
Two factors influence the flight of a Frisbee, gravity and air. Gravity acts on all objects the same way, accelerating their mass towards the center of the Earth at 10 meters/second. Once in the air, lift and angular momentum act on the Frisbee giving it a ballet-type performance. Lift is generated by the Frisbee's shaped surfaces as it passes through the air. Maintaining a positive angle of attack, the air moving over the top of the Frisbee flows faster than the air moving underneath it.



Under the Bernoulli Principle, there is then a lower air pressure on top of the Frisbee than beneath it. The difference in pressure causes the Frisbee to rise or lift. This is the same principle that allows planes to take off, fly and land. Another significant factor in the Frisbee's lift is Newton's Third Law which states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction. The Frisbee forces air down (action) and the air forces the Frisbee upward (reaction). The air is deflected downward by the Frisbee's tilt, or angle of attack.



Spinning the Frisbee when it is thrown, or giving it angular momentum (gyroscopic inertia), provides it with stability. Angular momentum is a property of any spinning mass. Throwing a Frisbee without any spin allows it to tumble to the ground. The momentum of the spin also gives it orientational stability, allowing the Frisbee to receive a steady lift from the air as it passes through it. The faster the Frisbee spins, the greater its stability.










Angular Momentum--A rotating body's resistance to change in its orientation and rate of rotation. This is similar to gyroscopic inertia.
Angle of Attack--The angle formed by the tilt of the flying disk and the line parallel to the ground.
Bernoulli's principle The pressure in a fluid decreases as the speed of the fluid increases.

Gravity--The force that makes objects move or tend to move toward each other.

Lift--An upward force resulting from decreasing the pressure on the top of an object by increasing the velocity of the air flowing over the top of it.
Newton's Third Law = for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Meet the Group 7 people

My name is Erwin Cabayao. 16 years old. To get in touch with me, just add me on facebook at : miaco_erwin@yahoo.com

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Hi! I'm Cristina Garvez from IV-Malvar under Mr. Isidro C. Mantilla of Benigno Ninoy Aquino High School. First of all I want to thank the people who keeps on following our blog. Feel free to explore and discover what frisbee is all about. With further information, add me  on facebook at :

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Did you know that:

• Frisbee was inspired by the Frisbie Pie Company of Bridgeport, Connecticut, founded by William Russell Frisbie.
  
• In the 1870s, William Russell Frisbie opened a bakery called the Frisbie Pie Company in Bridgeport, Connecticut. His lightweight pie tins were embossed with the family name. In the mid-1940s, students at Yale University tossed the empty pie tins as a game.
• In the 1950s, Walter Frederick Morrison, a Los Angeles building inspector determined to capitalize on Hollywood's obsession with UFOs, designed a lightweight plastic disk, based on the Frisbie bakery's pie tins, but changed the name to Flyin' Saucer to avoid legal hassles. Morrison sold the rights to the Wham-O Manufacturing Co. of San Gabriel, California, and on January 13, 1957, Americans were introduced to the Frisbee.

• The Frisbie Pie Company went out of business in 1958. In 1994, Mattel acquired Wham-O.
• In May 1989, Middlebury College in Vermont unveiled a bronze statue of a dog jumping to catch a Frisbee to commemorate the alleged fiftieth anniversary of the Frisbee. According to Middlebury legend, five undergraduates driving through Nebraska in 1939 suffered a flat tire. As two boys changed the tire, a third found a discarded pie tin from the Frisbie Pie Company near a cornfield and threw the circular disk in the air. Middlebury President Olin Robison told Time magazine, "Our version of the story is that it happened all over America, but it started here."
• In the United States, more Frisbee discs are sold each year than baseballs, basketballs, and footballs combined.
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